What is Hardness?
Water hardness measures the amount of minerals, specifically calcium and magnesium, present in water. Water with a high concentration of calcium and magnesium is considered "hard," while water with a low concentration of these minerals is considered "soft." The hardness of water is typically measured in parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/L). Water with a hardness level of 0-60 ppm is considered "soft," while water with a hardness level of 61-120 ppm is considered "moderately hard." Water with a hardness level of 121-180 ppm is considered "hard," and water with a hardness level over 180 ppm is considered "very hard."
Symptoms of
Hardness in Water
The symptoms of hard water are generally not related to health but rather to the inconvenience and reduced effectiveness of specific household tasks and appliances. Some common symptoms of hard water include:
• Buildup of limescale in pipes and appliances, which can reduce their efficiency and lifespan
• Soap scum and reduced suds when washing, which can make it more challenging to clean and rinse surfaces and clothes
• Dry, itchy skin and hair after bathing, as the minerals in hard water can interact with soap and shampoo, leaving a soap-scum residue on the skin and hair.
It's important to note that the specific symptoms of hard water can vary depending on the hardness level and the individual's sensitivity to the minerals in the water. Suppose you are experiencing any of these symptoms and suspect that the hardness of your water may be the cause. In that case, it's essential to have the water tested and, if necessary, implement appropriate treatment methods to remove or reduce the concentration of minerals in the water.
Treatment of Hardness in Water
Two main methods can be used to treat hardness in water: ion exchange and salt-free, non-electric conditioners.
• Ion exchange involves passing water through a bed of resin beads that can exchange ions with the water. The resin beads are specifically designed to remove calcium and magnesium ions, which are the minerals that cause water to be hard. Ion exchange is generally a low-maintenance treatment method that effectively reduces water’s hardness and creates actual "soft water."
• Salt-free, non-electric conditioners work using template-assisted crystallization (TAC) to prevent the minerals that cause water hardness from attaching to surfaces and forming limescale. These conditioners do not add any chemicals to the water and do not require electricity. While they are generally low-maintenance and effective at preventing the formation of limescale, they do not remove the minerals that cause water hardness. As a result, they do not create actual "soft water" but only prohibit hard water symptoms.
It's important to note that each treatment method has advantages and disadvantages. The best treatment method for hard water depends on the specific circumstances and hardness level.
A Penguin Water Systems certified water specialist can assist you in determining the most effective method for removing or treating hardness in your water. These specialists have the knowledge and expertise to assess your water's specific characteristics and recommend the most appropriate treatment method based on your unique needs. They can help you identify the best method for addressing hard water and ensure that your water is safe and of high quality. By working with a certified water specialist, you can be confident that you are making an informed decision about your water treatment and that you are taking the necessary steps to address any water quality issues you may have.
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